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30 November 2015 : Case report  Brazil

Oral Spindle Cell Lipoma in a Rare Location: A Differential Diagnosis

Challenging differential diagnosis, Rare disease

Filipe JaegerABCDEF, Hermínia Marques CapistranoABDE, Wagner Henriques de CastroAB, Patrícia Carlos CaldeiraABCDEF, Maria Auxiliadora Vieira do CarmoABDE, Ricardo Alves de MesquitaABDE, Maria Cássia Ferreira de AguiarABCDEF

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.895474

Am J Case Rep 2015; 16:844-848

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Spindle cell lipoma (SCL) is an uncommon and histologically distinct variant of lipoma. It usually occurs as a solitary, subcutaneous, and well-circumscribed lesion in the posterior neck, shoulders, and back of older men. SCL of the oral cavity is rare. We present the clinical-pathologic features of the third case of SCL located on the hard palate and discuss the histological differential diagnosis with other fusiform neoplasms.

CASE REPORT: A 56-year-old man was evaluated for an asymptomatic swelling on the right side of the hard palate. The intraoral examination showed a 25×20 mm sessile and circumscribed tumor, underlying an apparently healthy mucosa of normal color. The lesion revealed a floating consistency during palpation. Excisional biopsy was carried out based on a clinical diagnosis of lipoma or a benign minor salivary gland tumor. The histopathology demonstrated a well-circumscribed but unencapsulated proliferation of bland spindle cells admixed with mature adipocytes in a collagenous/myxoid stroma. The spindle cells were uniform, exhibiting elongated nuclei and narrow cytoplasmic processes without atypia. They were positive to CD34 and negative to factor VIII, alpha-smooth muscle actin, S100, cytokeratin, and actin. Mitotic activity was low, as confirmed by Ki-67 immunostaining. No lipoblastic activity was found. The diagnosis of SCL was therefore established.

CONCLUSIONS: Oral spindle cell lipoma is a rare benign lipomatous tumor. The histologic picture shows a range of variations and the observation of morphological features is important to distinguish this lesion from other fusiform tumors. Immunohistochemistry should be helpful in this differentiation.

Keywords: Diagnosis, Differential, Biopsy, Lipoma - diagnosis, Mouth Mucosa - pathology, Mouth Neoplasms - diagnosis

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923