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American Journal of Case Reports is indexed in ESCI - Emerging Sources Citation Index ( Clarivate, formerly Thomson-Reuters ), as a part of the Web of Science.
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Published: 2018-11-16
Carney Syndrome Presented as a Pathological Spine Fracture in a 35-Year-Old Male
Andreas Kiriakopoulos, Dimitrios Linos
(Fifth Surgical Clinic, Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece)
Am J Case Rep 2018; 19:1366-1369
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.911962
BACKGROUND:
Carney complex (CNC) is a genetic disorder that presents as an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent variant of endogenous Cushing syndrome. It was first reported in 1985 and was described as a form of multiple endocrine hyperplasia associated with mutations of the c-AMP-dependent protein kinase (PRKAR1A) gene that causes bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. We report a case of an incidentally found CNC in a 35-year-old male, and this case report focuses on the diagnostic scheme as well as the surgical treatment of this rare challenging condition.
CASE REPORT:
A-35-year-old male presented with pathological thoracic spine fracture. The patient exhibited obesity, facial flushing, red-purplish streaks on the abdominal wall, multiple pigmented nevi of the trunk, and hypertension. Family history was positive for cardiac myxoma. Laboratory investigation showed ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scan showed bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. The ensuing Liddle test revealed the characteristic paradox increase of 24-hours urine cortisol for CNC. After a bilateral retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy, histologic examination confirmed the presence of bilateral primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD). Genetic testing revealed a unique mutation of the responsible PRKAR1A gene.
CONCLUSIONS:
CNC presence was suspected due to the family history. Its characteristic pathologic manifestation called PPNAD, clinically presents as an ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome with paradoxical positive response of urinary glucocorticosteroid excretion after dexamethasone administration (Liddle’s test). Bilateral retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy constitutes an acceptable surgical option for PPNAD.
Keywords: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms, Adrenalectomy, carney complex, Cushing Syndrome
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