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18 January 2017 : Case report  Turkey

A Case of Seronegative Limbic Encephalitis with Multiple Sclerosis: A Possible Overlapping Syndrome

Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis), Rare coexistence of disease or pathology

Zerrin Karaaslan1BDEF*, Özlem Mercan2BDE, Erdem Tüzün1BCDEF, Handan Mısırlı2BDE, Recai Türkoğlu2BCDEF

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.901391

Am J Case Rep 2017; 18:64-66

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune encephalitis might coexist in patients with autoimmune demyelinating disorders.

CASE REPORT: We report on a case of a 45-year-old female multiple sclerosis (MS) patient presenting with acute onset short-term memory loss, altered mental status, inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings and an MRI lesion on the left temporal lobe. An extensive panel for neuronal autoantibodies proved negative. Neuropsychological symptoms gave a prompt response to immunotherapy but nevertheless control MRI showed left hippocampal atrophy.

CONCLUSIONS: Several recent reports of concurrent emergence of autoimmune encephalitis and MS suggest a common mechanism for these disorders. Since autoimmune encephalitis and MS share certain common CSF and neuroimaging findings, an increased understanding of overlapping autoimmune brain disorders is required to avoid misdiagnosis especially in antibody negative autoimmune encephalitis cases.

Keywords: Autoimmunity, Encephalitis, Multiple Sclerosis

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923