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26 January 2017 : Original article  

Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma After Liver Transplantation and Resection

Dong-Hwan Jung1ABDE, Shin Hwang1ABCDEFG*, Gi-Won Song1BCD, Chul-Soo Ahn1BCD, Deok-Bog Moon1BCD, Ki-Hun Kim1BCD, Tae-Yong Ha1BCD, Gil-Chun Park1BCD, Seung-Mo Hong2CDF, Wan-Jun Kim1BCD, Woo-Hyoung Kang1BCD, Seok-Hwan Kim1BCD, Eun Sil Yu1BCD, Sung-Gyu Lee1ACDF

DOI: 10.12659/AOT.901504

Ann Transplant 2017; 22:42-52

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) can be incidentally diagnosed after liver transplantation (LT). We investigated the clinicopathological features of LT recipients with ICC and compared prognosis with that of the control group.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: We identified 16 recipients with ICC in our institutional database. The propensity score-matched control group comprised 100 ICC patients who underwent hepatic resection (HR).

RESULTS: ICC incidence was 0.5% in all adult LT patients and 1.2% in adult recipients with primary liver cancer. Mean age was 58.0±4.8 years and 15 were male. All ICCs were diagnosed incidentally in the explanted livers. Mean ICC tumor diameter was 2.5±1.1 cm and 14 recipients had a single tumor. Tumor stages were I in 9, II in 5, and IV in 2. Concurrent second primary liver cancer was detected as hepatocellular carcinoma in 7 and combined hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocarcinoma in 1. Tumor recurrence and patient survival rates were 56.2% and 81.3% at 1 year and 78.1% and 52.4% at 5 years, respectively. Presence of second cancer did not affect tumor recurrence (p=0.959) or patient survival (p=0.737). All 3 patients with very early ICC did not show ICC recurrence. Compared with the control group, the tumor recurrence rate was higher after LT (p=0.024), but this difference disappeared after analysis was confined to recipients with ICC alone (p=0.121). Post-recurrence survival was not different after HR and LT (p=0.082).

CONCLUSIONS: ICC is rarely diagnosed after LT and half of such patients have second liver cancer. Post-transplant prognosis of ICC is poor except for very early ICC; thus, strict surveillance is mandatory.

Keywords: Abdominal Neoplasms, Hepatectomy, Living Donors

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Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358
Annals of Transplantation eISSN: 2329-0358