27 October 2017 : Case report
Acute Onset Vascular Dementia with Bi-Thalamic Infarct in an HIV-Positive Subject
Rare coexistence of disease or pathology
Léonard Kouamé Kouassi1ABDEF*, Mariam Doumbia-Ouattara1ADEFDOI: 10.12659/AJCR.905297
Am J Case Rep 2017; 18:1145-1147
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bi-thalamic infarctions are rare and marked by clinical polymorphism. Their association with HIV has never been reported.
CASE REPORT: We report a 51-year-old right-handed man with no medical history, who presented an acute onset vascular dementia associated with an antero-retrograde amnesia, a word-finding difficulty, and a dysexecutive syndrome. The CT scan was normal. Brain MRI revealed a paramedian and bi-thalamic infarction, evoking an occlusion of the Percheron artery. The electrocardiogram, transthoracic and transesophageal cardiac ultrasound, and Doppler echo of cervical arteries gave normal results. The biological work-up revealed a positive serology to HIV1. The patient was lost to follow-up and was reported dead 2 months later from an unknown cause.
CONCLUSIONS: This case illustrates the need to perform an HIV serology in the presence of a bi-thalamic infarction with no obvious cause, particularly in a young subject.
Keywords: cerebral infarction, Dementia, HIV Seropositivity, Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery
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