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26 August 2013 : Case report  India

Histiocytic endometritis

Mistake in diagnosis, Diagnostic / therapeutic accidents, Rare disease

Jyotsna V. WaderBEF, Akash JainBEF, Sujata S. KumbharE, Vaishali VhawalB

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.889248

Am J Case Rep 2013; 14:329-332

Abstract

Background: Histiocytic or xanthogranulomatous endometritis, characterized by disappearance of endometrial mucosa and its replacement by sheets of lipid containing histiocytic cells, is very rare. Extensive internet and PubMed searches revealed only 19 cases reported to date. The pathogenesis of histiocytic endometritis seems to be inflammation due to post-menopausal cervical stenosis or as the result of cervical carcinoma. Histiocytic endometritis can infiltrate the myometrium and can mimic a malignancy.
Case Report: We report the case of a 78-year-old post-menopausal female with symptoms of vaginal discharge, fever, and weakness. Radiological investigation showed a mass lesion in the cervix, extending into the myometrium, suggestive of cervical carcinoma. The lesion was biopsied and histopathological examination led to the diagnosis of histiocytic endometritis with no evidence of malignancy.
Conclusions: Histiocytic endometritis, an inflammatory pathology, can mimic malignancy clinically as well as radiologically. Histopathological examination with extensive sampling of tissue is essential because presence of endometritis does not rule out malignancy.

Keywords: cervical carcinoma, xanthogranulomatous endometritis, Histiocytic Endometritis

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923