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22 January 2020 : Case report  USA

Post-Renal Biopsy Acute Kidney Injury and Page Kidney from Intra-Renal Hematoma Aggravated by Reversible Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Following Renal Arterial Embolization

Unusual or unexpected effect of treatment, Diagnostic / therapeutic accidents, Educational Purpose (only if useful for a systematic review or synthesis), Rare coexistence of disease or pathology

Macaulay A. Chukwukadibia Onuigbo1ABCDEF*, Vivek Sharma1BCDEF, Omotola O. Balogun1DF, Allina Ghimire1BCEF

DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.919701

Am J Case Rep 2020; 21:e919701

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Page kidney was described by Dr. Irving Page in animal kidneys in 1939 with renal failure and persistent arterial hypertension from “cellophane perinephritis”. By 2009, about 100 cases of Page kidney had been reported. Bleeding complications after percutaneous kidney biopsy has, however, been well described. Moreover, the perioperative management of the recently introduced non-vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants (NOACs) remains uncertain due to inadequate evidence. Current guidelines to determine the appropriate duration of withholding NOACs before a surgical procedure, and when to restart NOACs safely after a procedure, however, cognizant of the implications of renal dysfunction, and levels of risk of the procedure are still unclear and sometimes conflicted.

CASE REPORT: We describe a case of Page kidney from an intrarenal hematoma complicating ultrasound-guided percutaneous right native kidney biopsy with acute kidney injury after withholding apixaban, a NOAC, for 3 days. Computed tomography evidence of continuing intrarenal bleeding from a renal pseudoaneurysm was treated with super-selective renal artery embolization; the case was further complicated by superimposed acute kidney injury from contrast-induced nephropathy.

CONCLUSIONS: We reviewed the vagaries of Page kidney with respect to the presence, or otherwise, of hypertension and how to explain worsening renal failure despite only unilateral involvement of a single kidney in a patient with 2 kidneys. Furthermore, we revisit the risks of contrast-induced nephropathy following iodinated contrast exposure. We explored the alternative management options for a post-biopsy renal pseudoaneurysm, that would avoid the use of iodinated contrast that could have potentially mitigated, if not fully prevented, the ensuing contrast-induced acute kidney injury.

Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury, Contrast Media, Hematoma, Pneumoradiography, Biopsy, Embolization, Therapeutic, Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923
American Journal of Case Reports eISSN: 1941-5923