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12 April 2017 : Clinical Research  

Associations of Prostate-Specific Antigen, Prostate Carcinoma Tissue Gleason Score, and Androgen Receptor Expression with Bone Metastasis in Patients with Prostate Carcinoma

Yehui Chen1ABEFG*, Yun Lin2ABEFG, Pin Nie1BCD, Wen Jiang1BCD, Yanqing Liu1BCD, Runqiang Yuan3BCD, Miaoyuan Li3BCD, Shijia Zhao4BCD, Huaxin Lin5BCD, Penghui Li1BCD, Jinxiang Zhang6BCD, Zhiwen Hu7BCD, Jin Xu8BCD, Xusheng Zhu9BCD

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.900977

Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:1768-1774

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Prostate carcinoma (PCa) is often not diagnosed until advanced disease with bone metastasis. Predictive factors for bone metastasis are required to improve patient outcomes. The study aimed to analyze the factors associated with bone metastases in newly diagnosed patients with PCa.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 80 patients newly diagnosed with PCa by pathological examination between January 2012 and December 2014. Bone metastases were diagnosed by positron emission computed tomography. Clinical data, serological laboratory results, and pathological examination results were collected.

RESULTS: Among the 80 patients, 45 (56%) had bone metastases. Age, serum alkaline phosphatase, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, PCa tissue Gleason score, androgen receptor (AR) expression, and Ki-67 expression were higher in patients with bone metastasis compared with those without (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that PSA (OR: 1.005; 95%CI: 1.001–1.010; P=0.016), Gleason score (OR: 4.095; 95%CI: 1.592–10.529; P=0.003), and AR expression (OR: 14.023; 95%CI: 3.531–55.6981; P=0.005) were independently associated with bone metastases. Cut-off values for PSA, Gleason score, and AR expression were 67.1 ng/ml (sensitivity: 55.6%; specificity: 97.1%), 7.5 (sensitivity: 75.6%; specificity: 82.9%), and 2.5 (sensitivity: 84.0%; specificity: 91.4%), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: PSA, Gleason score, and AR expression in PCa tissues were independently associated with PCa bone metastases. These results could help identifying patients with PCa at high risk of bone metastases.

Keywords: Neoplasm Grading, Prostate-Specific Antigen, Prostatic Neoplasms, Receptors, Androgen

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Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750
Medical Science Monitor eISSN: 1643-3750